Reduce Sodium Intake

Excess sodium intake increases blood pressure and causes fluid retention. Limiting sodium helps reduce swelling, lower blood pressure, and decrease the workload on the kidneys.

• Opt for fresh, whole foods instead of canned or processed options.
• Season your home-cooked meals with herbs and spices instead of salt.
• Check food labels and choose options with low sodium or no added salt.
• Reduce consumption of fast food and restaurant meals.
• Avoid adding extra salt to cooked food, curd, or salads.

Maintain Potassium Balance

Potassium is necessary for heart and muscle function, but impaired kidneys can let it build up to dangerous levels, causing cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness.

High-Potassium Foods to Limit: Bananas, oranges, avocados, potatoes, tomatoes, spinach, dairy products, nuts, citrus juices, coconut water, and lemon water.

Better Low-Potassium Choices: Apples, berries, papaya, guava, pear, pineapple, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumbers, white rice, and refined grains.

Control Protein Intake

Protein is necessary, but excess can strain the kidneys. Moderation is key.

Best Protein Sources: Skinless poultry, fish, egg whites, and plant-based proteins like tofu and lentils (in moderation).

Proteins to Avoid: Red meats, processed meats (bacon, sausages), and high-fat dairy products.

Stay Hydrated, but Don’t Overdo It

Proper hydration helps the kidneys filter waste, but fluid overload can be an issue in advanced kidney disease. Drink small amounts of water throughout the day and limit high-sodium foods to reduce thirst.

DASH Diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)

The DASH diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. It helps lower blood pressure, but those with advanced CKD may need to limit potassium-rich foods within this plan.

Renal Diet

A renal diet is personalized by a dietitian to control sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and protein intake based on your specific kidney function, making it an excellent choice for managing both CKD and high blood pressure.

• Plan Your Meals Wisely: Opt for home-cooked meals to control salt and fat.
• Read Food Labels Carefully: Look for low-sodium, low-potassium, and low-phosphorus options and check for hidden salts.
• Practice Portion Control: Stick to smaller, frequent meals instead of large portions to reduce strain on the kidneys.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Engage in light exercise like walking or yoga, as recommended by your doctor.
• Manage Stress and Sleep Well: Practice relaxation techniques and aim for good sleep to keep blood pressure down.